BFRI Training Activities Regular research activities of the institute lead to generate various fisheries and aquaculture technologies for better management of the resources and to increase the production. It basically offers need based training to the resource poor farmers and opportunity based training to entrepreneurs. Similarly, suitable training programes for extension workers are organized to ensure efficient and effective transfer of technologies. Short description of various training courses Carp seed production in hatchery and nursery raising Objectives: To train farmers and entrepreneurs to properly raise brood stock and undertake seed production. Major aspects to be covered in the training course - Selection of brood stock, raising of brood stock, stocking density, feeding, breeding cycle, identification and selection of the mature mother stock.
- Secondary sexual character, spawning habit, breeding behaviour, courtship, spawning techniques specific to fish.
- Induced breeding through hypophysation, extraction of pituitary gland, preparation of pituitary extract, intermuscular injection, hydration, gain in weight after injection of pituitary.
- Stripping of males, fertilization of eggs, water hardening, care of eggs, good and bad eggs, oxygenation of eggs, incubation of eggs, measures to avoid predators, incubation chamber/glass jar/plastic pool.
- Prophylactic measures.
- Larval feeds, their preparation, feeding.
- Hatching.
- Nursery preparation, eradication of weed, insects and mollusks, fertilization and stocking, duration of raising, stocking density.
- Feeding.
- Harvesting, conditioning/ acclimatization, oxygen packing.
- Method and mode of transportation.
- Economics of input and output
Major carp culture in ponds Objectives: To train aquaculturists to undertake improved fish culture practices. Major aspects to be covered in the training course - Principal of fish culture, selection of suitable species, food chain in the pond, role of sunlight and oxygen, role of vegetation in ponds, desirable macrophyte common, submerged, floating and emergent weeds and their role in the pond ecosystem.
- Photosynthesis, production and consumption of oxygen in pond, how to increase oxygen in the water, stress in fish because of low oxygen.
- Algal bloom and method of control, manual method and biological control.
- Application of lime in the pond, advantages of lime application, doses, litmus paper test.
- Composting of manure, amount and frequency of manure depending upon the nutrient status, available facilities if any for soil and water testing, advice on quality and quantity of inorganic fertilizers, recycling of pond bottom nutrient.
- Fingerling stocking, time of stocking, size of stocking, stocking density, advantage of polyculture, different proportion for stocking.
- Need for feeding the fish, effects of environmental factors like temperature, oxygen, over crowding, different types of artificial feeds, agricultural wastes and by products like oil cakes and mill residue, plants, sugarcane wastes, feed of animal origin like slaughter house refuge, fish meal, trash fish, method of feeding, broadcasting, platform feeding, feeding trays, feeding schedule.
- Maintenance of water and soil quality for fish health and public health, causes of malaria and filaria their control measure by fish.
- Basic knowledge of sanitation and fish health, cause of fish health problem, over stocking, malnutrition, unfavourable soil and water condition. Fish kill by weather conditions and depletion of oxygen because of algal bloom or bacterial bloom. Common fish disease, prevention and cure, method of treatment, chemical treatment through water, through feed or direct dipping, method, dose and frequency of treatment.
- Harvesting, different method of harvesting, time of harvesting, duration of harvesting, complete single harvesting, or multiple harvesting. Transportation and marketing.
- Economics and profitability of fish culture compared to agriculture and livestock farming.
Rice‑fish culture Objectives: To train rice farmers in rice fish culture package of practices. Major aspects to be covered in the training course - Principle of rice‑fish culture. Rice fields as a fish pasture ground. Role of fish in supply of oxygen and nutrient to paddy. Commonly occurring fish fauna in rice fields, desirable species, their food habit. Commonly occurring insects in the field, their role and control.
- Preparation of rice field for raising of the seed or undertaking fish culture. Strengthening of dykes/bunds, determination of width and height of bunds, level of water required, construction of trenches, enclosures and fish hide out, water control structure, manipulation of water level during and after weeding.
- Method of safe application of pesticides and fertilizers. Measures to reduce the effect of pesticides and fertilizers.
- Measures for protection from predators .
- Stocking of fry for fingerling production, stocking density, and period of raising
- Harvesting, packing and method of transport. Profitability of seed raising.
- Stocking for fish culture, suitable species, their stocking proportion, stocking density, duration of culture.
- Method of harvesting. Fabrication of suitable traps and gears. Profitability of rice‑fish culture.
Integrated fish‑livestock farming Objectives: To train livestock farmers, entrepreneurs and aquaculturists to undertake integrated fish‑livestock farming. Major aspects to be covered in the training course - Principle of integrated fish‑livestock farming. Relationship between different production systems. Different methods of integration.
- Designs and construction of integrated fish farm. Selection of plants which should be cultivated on the farm and pond embankment, their farming techniques.
- Construction of the bird house. Manurial value of pond mud, faceal matter of pig and bird dropping. Plant and animal waste treatment, method of decomposition and composting.
- Preparation of the pond, selection of the species, stocking density and proportion of different species, their culture techniques.
- Depending on the nutrient status of soil and water, the amount of organic manure required for fish culture and accordingly calculation of the number of birds to be raised on the embankment.
- Duck/chicken rearing, egg production and marketing. Vegetable/crop production and marketing. Fish harvesting and marketing. Profitability of integrated fish farming.
Cage culture Objectives: To train aquaculturists, entrepreneurs and unemployed youth, in cage culture technology. Major aspects to be covered in the training course - Principals and advantages of cage culture‑Different types of cage, floating cage, rigid and flexible cage self supported and raft supported. Construction of cage, frame work, support and lifting ropes, selection of materials for framework. Selection of materials for mesh netting.
- Selection of site and installation of cage, construction of water breaking structures.
- Selection of fish species, procurement of seed and stocking rate.
- Different types of feed, feeding of fish, feeding frequency and methods. Maintenance and clearing of nets. Prevention and control of diseases and predation.
- Selection of size at the time of harvest, harvesting. Profitability of cage culture.
Pen culture Objectives: To train aquaculturists, entrepreneurs and unemployed youths to undertake pen culture. Major aspects to be covered in the training course - Principles and advantages of Pen culture. Different types of pen, rigid pen/flexible pen.
- Design and construction, shapes and dimensions of pens, nursery and fattening pens.
- Selection of species of fish for monoculture and polyculture.
- Procurement of seeds, preparation of nursery, stocking rates, fertilization and feeding of fish, types of feed, method and frequency of feed.
- Predators and disease control.
- Monitoring of growth of fish and selection of optimum size of fish for harvesting. Transport and Marketing of fish. Profitability of pen culture.
Shrimp culture Objectives: To train aquaculturists and entrepreneurs in shrimp farming. Major aspects to be covered in the training course - Principle of shrimp farming. Types of shrimp farming, traditional, extensive, semi‑intensive and intensive.
- Site selection, availability of good quality fresh and brackishwater, soil quality, land elevation, salinity, temperature, tidal amplitude. Design, construction and maintenance of farm pond.
- Pond preparation, cleaning of pond, eradication of predators , sun drying, ploughing and leveling of pond bottom, Liming for soil pH correction. Application of organic and inorganic fertilizers.
- Stocking, size/age of PL/density.
- Pond management, aeration and change of water. Stock management and manipulation. Production and maintenance of natural food, plankton production.
- Feeds and feeding, different types of feed. feeding rate and frequency
- Water quality management, plankton bloom, water temperature, control of disease and surveillance on shrimp health.
- Harvesting and post harvest handling of shrimps. Profitability of shrimp farming.
Tilapia and catfish culture and seed production Objectives: To train extension worker in tilapia and catfish culture and seed production. Major aspects to be covered in the training course - Principle of fish culture.
- Selection of brood stock and their management.
- Breeding and seed production.
- Nursery management.
- Harvesting, transport, marketing.
- Economics of seed production of tilapia and catfish.
- Economics of marketable size tilapia and catfish.
Shrimp and prawn hatchery technology and farming Objective: To train extension workers in shrimp and prawn seed production and shrimp farming. Major aspects to be covered in the training course - Principle of shrimp and prawn seed production and farming.
- Prospecting of mother stock in the sea for shrimp and river mouth for prawn.
- Hormone manipulation and induced maturity in shrimp.
- Controlled breeding of shrimp and prawn.
- Maintenance and culture of live food organism.
- PL raising.
- Different types of hatchery maintenance.
- Hatchery management for shrimp/prawn.
- Shrimp culture technology.
- Prawn culture technology.
- Farm Management. Harvesting,
- Post harvest technology.
- Product development and marketing.
Hilsa fisheries management and conservation Objective: To train fisheries extension worker in Hilsa fisheries management and conservation. - Major aspect to be covered in the training course
- Biology & ecology of hilsa.
- Population dynamics and recruitment pattern of hilsa.
- Hilsa fisheries management.
- Conservation & rehabilitation of Jatka.
- Hilsa fisheries development.
Fish health management Objectives: To train extension workers, researchers and teachers on research methodology and other research related matter. Major aspect to be covered in the training course - Diagnostic procedure for viral, bacterial, mycoses and algal diseases and protozoan and metazoan parasitic diseases
- Mechanism of environmental stress and environment induced diseases
- Health monitoring system
- Immunoprophylatic and other preventive measures and method of control of diseases, and
- Packages of practices for health management and their incorporation into farming technology for increased production.
Fish nutrition and feed formulation Objective: To train extension workers, researchers and teachers on research methodology and other research related matter. Major aspect to be covered in training course - Standardized nutritional research methodology and methods of assays;
- Nutritional requirement of different life history stages of different commodity and also of nutritional value of natural feeds;
- Use of locally available by‑products of agro‑industry for formulation of balanced and cost effective feed.
Genetical research and upgrading of gene pool Objective: To train extension workers, researchers and teachers on research methodology and other research related matter Major aspect to be covered in the training course - Standardized genetical research methodology and methods of assay;
- Evaluation of available aquaculture genetic resource for genetical up gradation in line with livestock research
- Development of genetically superior strain with better culturable qualities by genetic manipulation to maximize the aquaculture output.
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